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#2
Have you ever wondered about those if-clauses?
There must be more than these much cited 3 different cases and yes, you are right: there are.
Most grammars reduce the if-clauses to three basic conditions with a further classification into sub-categories.
So what do you do if you want to describe a condition from the past and you can feel the consequences in the present?
Let's have a look:
If I had known that, I would not be here now.
Makes perfect sense, but you won't find this example in most standard grammar books.
Why is that? Well, it's a good question. Our favourite answer to this question, given by the member of an English teacher forum in the internet, is "in order not to confuse the learner". Well, we think, you have the right to know and we have the duty to inform you that there are more than three cases.
And you are right: there is another case and another case and another case but you will hear about these later - we don't want to confuse you...
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